| This chapter’s title is a misrepresentation. It examines only the shortcomings of theories of limited government, the laissez-faire, night-watchman idea of the State. Still, this is valuable because the contradictions of those theories need exposure. | この章の題名が正しくない。レッセフェール、夜警国家のような小さな政府の理論のみを調べる。だけど、その理論の矛盾を曝す必要がある。 |
| Limited government theory grants to the State the powers of taxation and final authority, then pretends to set limits on that State. Rothbard observes: | 小さな政府の理論は政府に税の最終権力を譲ってから政府に限定を付けようとする。ロスバードが述べる： |
| Once these powers are granted, there is no institutional mechanism that can limit their exercise.When these theories posit that taxes should be neutral to the market, they overlook the fact that all taxes result in gains for some and losses for others, making neutrality impossible.The proposal that a State is necessary to make laws fails to observe that the State’s powers of taxation and final authority are obviously illegal, so the State is itself an illegal system.Even if a State should be limited to only providing protection, there is no way to answer the question of how much protection to produce.These theorists have no cogent theories of taxation, of a State’s appropriate territorial size, or of secession.There is an inconsistency in allowing the State to exercise sovereignty to produce protection, but not other goods and services. | 権力を譲った時点からその権力を限定する制度仕組みはない。「税について経済に中立的な方法を選ぶべき」と主張する理論は税が受け取り人と支払う人を作ることを述べない。中立的な税がない。法律を作る為に政府が必要と言う提案は法律を破る税と独占を見ない。政府自体が不法です。政府が保護に限定させれてもどの位保護を製作する問題が答えられない。理論者には税、領土の程度、脱退の理路整然的な理論がない。保護に限定する理由がない。 |
| Now, while these are all relevant points addressed to laissez-fairists, not all of them are contradictions as such. | この点がレッセフェール主義者に話しかけることには適切な欠点だけど、全点が矛盾ではない。 |
| As for actual contradictions of the State as such, I must observe there are none. Insofar as the State acts as a single ethical agent, its behavior is clear: it grapples with its subjects not as similar ethical agents, but as so many truculent livestock. | 政府自体の矛盾と言うと、そんなことはないと拙者が述べる。国家が一個の倫理行動者として見える限り、その行動が明白でござる。臣民との取り組みは同じ倫理行動者との行動ではなく、獰猛な家畜との行動でござる。 |
Ethics of Liberty, Chapter 23: The Inner Contradictions of the State
Bookmark the permalink.