Ethics of Liberty, Chapter 27: Isaiah Berlin on Negative Liberty

In this chapter, Rothbard criticizes Isaiah Berlin’s rival theory of liberty. Berlin advances “negative liberty” as contrasted to “positive liberty,” meaning freedom from interference from others versus freedom to do any particular action. This seems the same as Rothbard’s theory, just approaching from a different direction, but Berlin defines his terms ambiguously, leading him to diverge from Rothbard. この章でロスバードがアイザイア・バーリンの自由理論を責める。バーリンは積極的自由に反して消極的自由を支持する。それは「出来る自由」より「他者の力からの自由」のほうだ。別の方針からロスバードの理論と似ていると見えるが、バーリンが用語の定義が曖昧でロスバードから離れる。
Berlin defines freedom as “opportunity for action,” resulting in grave confusion. So, one man’s action changing another man’s opportunities is a violation of “negative liberty.” As such, Berlin eventually attacks laissez-faire to placate his critics. In addition to historical mistakes in the examples he cites rendering his conclusions invalid, Rothbard points out that attacking laissez-faire, the system wherein personal economic freedom is at a maximum, as harmful to liberty means he is in fact defending positive liberty. バーリンには自由が「行動の機会」で混乱に落ちる。人の行動で別人の機会が変わると消極的自由の違反になる。で、結局バーリンが批判者を宥和するためにレッセフェールを責める。その例の歴史の間違いで結論が無効ってことに加わって、個人の経済的な自由を最大限まで増やすレッセフェールを自由に害すると責めれば実際に積極的自由を擁護することになる、とロスバードが述べる。
I must say that, given what Berlin eventually defended, it’s surprising that he is considered a defender of liberty at all. The ideas of negative and positive liberty have outlived him, though, and still have some value today (when properly defined). バーリンが最後に擁護したことを見れば、自由の擁護者と言われるのが驚きでござる、と拙者が思う。だが積極的自由と消極的自由が今も価値がある、定義が正しければ。

About Brian Wilton

I'm a libertarian. I prefer reading articles and books to listening to podcasts, although I hear that podcasts are more popular. Call it Picard's Syndrome.
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